No Nuclear Bombs Were Dropped on Japan • Hiroshima Deaths Due to Mustard Gas

Tap News  /  Ian

Henry Makow

Scientific leaders of the Manhattan Project. Left to right: Ernest O. Lawrence, Arthur H. Compton, Vannevar Bush, James B. Conant, Karl T. Compton, and Alfred L. Loomis.

Secret “Manhattan Project” protocol from May 1945: plutonium bomb several years away.“Compton’s words still imply that two more years must pass before the first plutonium bomb can be assembled. Thus, the inference is unavoidable that a plutonium bomb could not possibly have been ready a mere six weeks later for the fabled test at Alamogordo, or for the bombing of Nagasaki three weeks after that–or even for the “Able” and “Baker” alleged nuclear bomb tests at the Bikini Atoll in 1946.“

Michael Palmer was fired from his post as a Chemistry professor at a Canadian university for refusing to be “vaccinated.”

Michael Palmer, MD

According to the history books, Hiroshima and Nagasaki were each destroyed by a single atomic bomb. The Hiroshima bomb contained uranium, and the Nagasaki bomb contained plutonium. A plutonium bomb is also said to have been detonated in the famous “Trinity” test explosion at Alamogordo in New Mexico on July 16, 1945.

Others and I have argued that these bombings were not atomic. While many of the arguments against the atomic nature of the bombings are rather technical, there is at least one clear and simple piece of evidence among US government declassified files.

In this document, none other than physics Nobel laureate Arthur Compton, who oversaw the Manhattan Project’s entire physics research, stated on the record that shortly before the alleged atomic bombings, plutonium had not yet been purified, and that it would become available “in volume” only about three years later. Compton’s statements contradict the official story of the alleged plutonium bombs at Alamogordo and at Nagasaki.

The story of how the “atomic age” began at Hiroshima and Nagasaki has been drummed into our heads so persistently that many readers will outright reject the notion that these atomic bombs were faked. Nevertheless, there is abundant evidence of the fakery [1–3].

A short overview of my own work on the subject [3] has been posted here earlier, and a somewhat longer one can by found on my website. The purpose of this post is not to rehash all of it yet again, but merely to highlight one straightforward piece of evidence that might serve as a “gateway drug” for readers who are not ready to entertain the possibility that the nuclear bombings were indeed faked.

ARTHUR COMPTON AND THE “MANHATTAN PROJECT”

Arthur Holly Compton was an American atomic physicist and Nobel laureate who achieved fame early on in his career by discovering what is now known as Compton scattering. In this physical effect, a high-energy X-ray or γ-photon hits an electron straight on; it transfers some of its energy to this electron and then bounces off with diminished energy into a different direction. The electron will be yanked loose and sent flying. High-energy electrons generated in this manner contribute to the harmful effects of X- and γ-radiation on living beings [4].

Early on in the establishment of the “Manhattan Project”–the US-led effort to build atomic bombs during World War II–Compton was tasked with overseeing and coordinating all of the Project’s physics research [5,6]. This involved the enrichment of uranium-235 (²³⁵U) for use in nuclear reactors and for bomb construction. It also included the construction of reactors and their use to convert uranium-238 (²³⁸U) to plutonium-239 (²³⁹Pu), which could then be used as an alternate bomb fuel. Compton was particularly keen on producing ²³⁹Pu, envisioning that it could be purified from the mixture of metals contained in the reactor fuel by chemical methods, which seemed more straightforward than the arduous physical enrichment of ²³⁵U to bomb grade.

The official narrative is that both ²³⁵U and ²³⁹Pu became available for bomb construction in the nick of time [5]. The first ever detonation of an atomic bomb is said to have occurred at Alamogordo, New Mexico, on July 16, 1945. Both this bomb and the one used at Nagasaki on August 9 are said to have contained ²³⁹Pu. In contrast, the Hiroshima bomb is said to have contained highly enriched ²³⁵U. As we will see, this official narrative is incompatible with Arthur Compton’s own explicit admissions.

THE INTERIM COMMITTEE MEETING MAY 31 1945

The Interim Committee was a panel of leading scientists and politicians that was convened in 1945 to deliberate and advise on the future military and civilian use of atomic energy. Its affiliated scientific panel comprised leading physicists Robert Oppenheimer, Enrico Fermi, Arthur Compton, and Ernest Lawrence; all were present at the meeting in Washington, DC on May 31^st, 1945. The following quote is taken from the protocol of this meeting [7]:

Dr. A. H. Compton explained the various stages of development. The first stage involved the separation of uranium 235. The second stage involved the use of ‘breeder’ piles to produce enriched materials from which plutonium … could be obtained. … It was estimated that from January 1946 it would take one and one-half years to prove this second stage in view of certain technical and metallurgical difficulties, that it would take three years to get plutonium in volume, and that it would take perhaps six years for any competitor to catch up with us.

The “technical and metallurgical difficulties” referred to by Compton most likely concern the purification of plutonium from the “enriched materials,” which in this context means the complex mixture of radioactive elements resulting from the ²³⁵U fission chain reaction. Compton predicts that it will take about two years from the time of the meeting to work out this purification method, and that it will take another year to obtain plutonium “in volume.” Even if we assume that “proving the second stage” will already provide enough plutonium for a small number of bombs, Compton’s words still imply that two more years must pass before the first plutonium bomb can be assembled. Thus, the inference is unavoidable that a plutonium bomb could not possibly have been ready a mere six weeks later for the fabled test at Alamogordo, or for the bombing of Nagasaki three weeks after that–or even for the “Able” and “Baker” alleged nuclear bomb tests at the Bikini Atoll in 1946.

THE HISTORY OF THE DOCUMENT

The protocol of the meeting was initially classified “top secret” but must have been declassified sometime before 1995, because the pertinent quote can be found in the historic treatise “The decision to use the atomic bomb” by Alperovitz [8], which was published in 1995, and which is where I found it in 2020. (Apparently, neither the author nor his readers through the years had understood what it meant.) A Norwegian physicist with whom I had been corresponding pointed me to the full copy of the protocol at the National Security Archive. It has since been scrubbed from the NSA website, but the Wayback machine has preserved copy.

SUPPORTING EVIDENCE

Compton’s estimate of the time of plutonium availability is supported by some intriguing findings from Nagasaki. Within the city, the highest levels of plutonium are found in a little body of water (the Nishiyama reservoir) located about three kilometres from the hypocenter of the detonation. Plutonium has been detected within in the sediment of this reservoir [9]. The same study also detected charcoal particles, which represent the soot from the burning city. Remarkably, however, the soot is contained in a deeper layer than the plutonium, and the distance between the two layers suggests that the plutonium was deposited in the reservoir approximately two years after the bombing.

Donald Collins was one of the “Manhattan Engineers” who carried out fallout measurements on the ground in Nagasaki several weeks after the bombing. In his recollections [10], he describes only rather low levels of radioactivity, and he does not mention the Nishiyama reservoir, which suggests that this reservoir did not yield any remarkable findings at the time.

Overall, we have it “from the horse’s mouth” that at least the story of the plutonium bombs at Alamogordo and at Nagasaki is a fabrication. A fuller analysis of the evidence [2,3] proves the same for the Hiroshima bombing also.

References–  The Atom Bomb Hoax Was Hiroshima Firebombed and Not Nuked?

1. Björkman, A. (2023) My Atomic Bomb Findings: The grand manipulation 1945-2023.
2. Nakatani, A. (2017) Death Object: Exploding the Nuclear Weapons Hoax(CreateSpace).
3. Palmer, M. (2020) Hiroshima revisited: the evidence that napalm and mustard gas helped fake the atomic bombings.
4. Valota, A. et al. (2003) Modelling study on the protective role of OH radical scavengers and DNA higher-order structures in induction of single- and double-strand break by gamma-radiation. Int. J. Radiat. Biol. 79:643-53
5. Groves, L.R. (1962) Now it can be told (Harper & Row).
6. Hewlett, R.G. and Anderson, O.E. (1962) The New World, 1939/1946 / A History of the United States Atomic Energy Commission (Pennsylvania State University Press).
7. Arneson, R.G. (1945) Notes of the Interim Committee meeting, Thursday, 31 May 1945.
8. Alperovitz, G. (1995) The decision to use the atomic bomb (Alfred A. Knopf).
9. Saito-Kokubu, Y. et al. (2008) Depositional records of plutonium and ¹³⁷Cs released from Nagasaki atomic bomb in sediment of Nishiyama reservoir at Nagasaki. J. Environ. Radioact. 99:211-7
10. Collins, D.L. (1980) Pictures from the past: Journeys into health physics in the Manhattan District and other diverse places in: Health Physics: a Backward Glance (Pergamon Press).

Source

Original Article: https://tapnewswire.com/2023/02/smoking-gun-no-nuclear-bombs-were-dropped-on-japan/

Henry Makow

Hiroshima Deaths Due to Mustard Gas

"Both my mother and I had been through a great deal of strain during this time ... and then we also started to feel listless and began to lose our hair because we had breathed the gases when the atom bomb fell."
"We breathed the gases when the atom bomb fell"
Eyewitness testimony of mustard gas use in Hiroshima

Michael Palmer, MD

(henrymakow.com)

In previous posts on this website [footnotes 1,2] and elsewhere [3,4], I have argued that no nuclear bombs were dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki. However, many cases of acute radiation sickness were reported from both cities. How can we explain these?

I believe that these cases were caused not by radiation but rather by mustard gas, a chemical warfare agent that mimics the effects of radiation. Here, I present eyewitness testimony which supports this thesis. Objective medical evidence which confirms it will be discussed in a subsequent post.

Figure 1: Spontaneous subcutaneous bleeding (left) and hair loss (right) in two bombing victims from Hiroshima. Bleeding is due to the lack of blood platelets, which in turn is caused by bone marrow failure. Like the cells in the bone marrow, those in the hair follicles divide rapidly and thus are particularly susceptible to DNA-damaging agents such as radiation and mustard gas.

1. On mustard gas

Mustard gas, or sulfur mustard was first used during World War 1. Even though introduced only in 1917, it caused more casualties than any of the previously used battle gases. A key reason for this high lethality is that it bypasses the protection afforded by gas masks by attacking the skin, which it causes to blister, and is also taken up quite effectively across the skin. In those not protected by gas masks, it causes severe lung damage; this was reported in Iranian soldiers exposed to mustard gas used by Iraq in the war between the two countries [5].

Aside from causing acute damage to the skin and the lungs, mustard gas mimics the destructive effects of radiation on rapidly proliferating tissues such as the bone marrow, the hair follicles, and the intestinal mucous membranes. This similarity was recognized clinically as early as 1919 [6-8]. With both radiation and mustard gas, the underlying mechanism is now understood to be DNA damage.

The U.S. military had stockpiled mustard gas during World War 2 and also filled it into aerial bombs [9]. Thus, it would have been prepared for its use in the bombings of both cities.

2. Testimony which supports the use of mustard gas in the "atomic" bombings

Eyewitness reports which suggest the use of mustard gas are not in short supply. The possibility that poison gas had been released at Hiroshima was brought up early on by Dr. Masao Tsuzuki, the leading Japanese member on the U.S.-Japanese "Joint Commission" of medical scientists convened to investigate the aftermath of the bombing. The historian Sey Nishimura [10] quotes from a 1945 article by Tsuzuki:

"Immediately after the explosion of the atomic bomb, some gas permeated, which appeared like white smoke with stimulating odor. Many reported that when inhaled, it caused acute sore throat or suffocating pain."

The first Western journalist to report from Hiroshima, the Australian Wilfred Burchett [11], also brings up poison gas:

"My nose detected a peculiar odour unlike anything I have ever smelled before. It is something like sulphur, but not quite. I could smell it when I passed a fire that was still smouldering, or at a spot where they were still recovering bodies from the wreckage. But I could also smell it where everything was still deserted."

According to Burchett, the Japanese he spoke to believe that the smell is given off by the poisonous gas still issuing from the earth soaked with radioactivity released by the split uranium atom, and he reports that the Japanese then engaged in clearing the debris from the city centre were wearing gauze masks over their faces to protect themselves from the gas.

Among 105 witnesses who experienced the Hiroshima bombing as school age children, and whose memories were collected and published by the Japanese teacher Arata [12], 13 explicitly mention poisonous gas or fumes. One of them, Hisato Itoh, died of leukaemia shortly after writing his account, which contains this statement:

"Both my mother and I had been through a great deal of strain during this time ... and then we also started to feel listless and began to lose our hair because we had breathed the gases when the atom bomb fell."

Here are some more quotes by several other schoolchildren:

Tokiko Wada: "But Grandpa had breathed poisonous gas when the atom bomb fell and he got sick and went to the hospital. He died one night a little later and we had a funeral for him."

Satomi Kanekuni: "On August 6 when the bomb fell, Father and Mother were living in Yanagi-machi. They were trapped by the house when it fell down and inhaled poisonous gas."

Junya Kojima: "When I was five years old, there was the atom bomb explosion. My father was at his office then. I guess he breathed in poison gas ... he soon died."

Yohko Kuwabara: "Just then, I was blinded for a moment by piercing flash of bright light, and the air filled with yellow smoke like poison gas.

Yoshiaki Wada: My mother ... breathed the poison gas from the atom bomb. That's why she was so bad."

While not all of these reports point to mustard gas specifically, the respiratory symptoms and the hair loss mentioned in some of them are both quite suggestive. So is the sulfuric smell reported by Burchett in early September; both the smell itself and its long persistence point to mustard gas.

It is also rather striking how most of these witnesses draw a straight line from the atom bomb to the poisonous gas; it appears that they have been led to believe that atomic bombs somehow give rise to poisonous gas, which is untrue. The same error even found its way into the medical literature [13, p. 464]:

"Tsuzuki (1951) divided atom-bomb injuries into burns, traumas, and radiation injuries. Kajitano and Hatano (1953) ... proposed a fourth type in addition: atom-bomb gas injuries, which they attributed to the effect of residual radioactivity."

3. How can we decide between radiation and mustard gas effects in Hiroshima?

Here, we can distinguish effects of nuclear radiation that should have been observed but were not, and effects of mustard gas that were observed but should not have been. There are compelling examples of both kinds of evidence. However, Henry has admonished me to keep this short; therefore, I must defer a discussion of this evidence to another time.
---In response to my questions. Michael wrote-

Physical damage: they used some strong airbursts, apparently, but most of the damage was apparently caused by conventional incendiaries. This is also how engineer de Seversky describes it, who visited both cities early in September 1945.

https://mpalmer.heresy.is/webnotes/HR/Introduction.html#sec-intro-seversky

Was there no mushroom cloud?

There was -- must have been fireworks of sorts. See

https://mpalmer.heresy.is/webnotes/HR/How-done.html#sec-makebelieve

The cloud is discussed under Section 13.1.4


References

1. Palmer, M. (2020) Japan Nuclear Attacks Were Faked (https://www.henrymakow.com/2020/10/palmer-nuclear-attacks-on-japan.html)

2. Palmer, M. (2023) Smoking Gun! No Nuclear Bombs Were Dropped on Japan (https://henrymakow.com/2023/02/nuclear-bombs-not-dropped.html)

3. Palmer, M. (2020) Hiroshima revisited: the evidence that napalm and mustard gas helped fake the atomic bombings (https://archive.org/details/Hiroshima_revisited)

4. Palmer, M. (2023) The truth about the bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki (https://mpalmer.heresy.is/the-truth-about-the-bombings-of-hiroshima-and-nagasaki/)

5. Freitag, L. et al. (1991) The role of bronchoscopy in pulmonary complications due to mustard gas inhalation. Chest 100:1436-41 (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=1935306)

6. Krumbhaar, E.B. and Krumbhaar, H.D. (1919) The Blood and Bone Marrow in Yellow Cross Gas (Mustard Gas) Poisoning: Changes produced in the Bone Marrow of Fatal Cases. J. Med.

Res. 40:497-508.3 (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=19972497)

7. Pappenheimer, A.M. and Vance, M. (1920) The Effects Of Intravenous Injections Of Dichloroethylsulfide In Rabbits, With Special Reference To Its Leucotoxic Action. J. Exp. Med. 31:71-94 (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=19868389)

8. Warthin, A.S. and Weller, C.V. (1919) The medical aspects of mustard gas poisoning (Mosby) (http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/756441378)

9. Anonymous, (1947) U.S. Explosive Ordnance (U.S. Navy Bureau of Ordnance) (https://archive.org/details/OP1664USExplosiveOrdnanceVolume2/)

10. Nishimura, S. (1995) Censorship of the atomic bomb casualty reports in occupied Japan. A complete ban vs temporary delay. JAMA 274:520-2 (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=7629965)

11. Burchett, W.G. (2007) The atomic plague in: Rebel journalism: the writings of Wilfred Burchett (http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/172979873). This report first appeared under the name 'Peter Burchett' in the Daily Express on September fifth, 1945.

12. (ed.: Osada, A.) (1980) Children of Hiroshima (Publishing Committee for "Children of Hiroshima") (http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8095388)

13. Watanabe, S. (ed.: Grundmann, E.) (1974) Cancer and leukemia developing among atomic bomb survivors in: Handbuch der allgemeinen Pathology [Handbook of general pathology] (Springer).


Original Article: https://henrymakow.com/2023/03/michael-palmer---hiroshima-dea.html